feat: Modernize the project

[C0rn3j]

• Migrate from setup.py to pyproject.toml
• Add Ruff config to pyproject.toml - this is extra, doesn't hurt anything, I used Ruff to help with this PR
• Use SDPX convention for the license
• Add license header to the Python file
• Add typing (hopefully all typing is correct)
  • Use the NamedTuple class from typing instead of collections.namedtuple
• Fix function descriptions - don't say we're returning bytes/binary when outputting a string and vice versa
• Stop shadowing Python's len
• Target Python 3.10+ (oldest version still supported by upstream)
• Bump project version to 1.3

Please tag a release after pulling