3.0.0 - UART Peripheral Manager + Detach UART pins on begin()/setPins()

[SuGlider]

Description of Change

This PR implements the same changes as described in #8629
It also adds to the UART Peripheral Manager the control over UART pin and sets default console UART0 RX/TX.

The BareMinimum.ino example (empty sketch) will report RX/TX correctly when Verbose/Debug mode are set by using the Chip Debug Report feature.

Summary of changes:

• It is now possible to dettach UART0 pins by calling Serial.end() with no previous begin()
• It is now possible to call setPins() before begin() or in any order
• setPins() will detach any previous pins that have been changed
• begin(baud, rx, tx) will detach any previous attached pins
• setPins() or begin(baud, rx, tx), when called at first, will detach console RX0/TX0, attached in boot
• any pin set as -1 in begin() or setPins() won't be changed nor detached
• begin(baud) will not changed any pins that have been set before this call through a previous begin(baud, rx, tx) or setPin()
• If the application only uses RX or TX, begin(baud, -1, tx) or begin(baud, rx) will change only the assigned pin and keep the other unchanged.

Tests scenarios

Using ESP32

void setup() {
  printf("\nThis Line is printed fine because it uses TX Pin attached in Boot Time.\n\n");
  delay(100);
  Serial.end();                 // shall detach default UART0 RX/TX
  printf("1:: This Log line shall not be displayed!\n"); // using IDF console ets_printf() -- TX unattached!
  delay(100);
  
  Serial.begin(115200);  // set default RX/TX pin because nothing was defined in the call
  Serial.println("2:: This line shall be seen.");
  Serial.flush();

  Serial.setPins(-1, 2);    // shall set UART0 to GPIO2 and detach default TX 
  Serial.println("3:: This line shall NOT be seen.");  // default TX is no longer attached
  Serial.flush();
  
  Serial.end();
  Serial.setPins(-1, 2); // it sets TX as GPIO2
  Serial.begin(115200);  // This shall not set default TX pin because the previous setPin() was executed
  Serial.println("4:: This line shall NOT be seen.");  // default TX is no longer attached
  Serial.flush();
}

void loop() {}

Related links

Fix #8573
Fix #8607

Close Draft PRs: #8619 #8620

[P-R-O-C-H-Y]

LGTM! Tested and worked as expected.

[lucasssvaz]

Works as expected. LGTM.

[SuGlider]

Force Rebase to master in #8719