Add support for Ubuntu 24.10 "Oracular Oriole"

[ashnaga]

This issue is created to track progress for the work to enable Ubuntu 24.10 "Oracular Oriole" support for .NET 8.0 and 9.0

• [All Product Teams] Compatibility check and infra update
• Do a compatibility check for the product with the new OS
• Replace docker tags used in builds across repos and branches
• Update CI legs to latest updated Dockerfile
• Ensure that the correct Docker images used by teams are built in the dotnet-buildtools-prereqs (if applicable)

Resources:

• https://ubuntu.com/blog/canonical-releases-ubuntu-24-10-oracular-oriole
• https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/oracular-oriole-release-notes/44878

[richlander]

Adding new helix images at dotnet/dotnet-buildtools-prereqs-docker#1277.