| apt-get |
Package managing utility, such as for adding, removing, and updating packages. |
Packages |
| awk |
[see 'gawk' command] Original interpreter of the AWK programming language. |
Text |
| blkid |
Locates and prints block device attributes. |
Drives/Devices |
| cat |
Concatenates files. Prints using standard output stream. |
Text |
| cd |
Changes directory. |
Files/Directories |
| chgrp |
Changes group ownership association. |
Permissions |
| chmod |
Changes file permissions for users, groups, and others. |
Permissions |
| chown |
Changes file owner and group owner. |
Permissions |
| compress |
Reduces file size using Lempel-Ziv algorithmic logic. |
Compression |
| cp |
Copies files and directories as specified. |
Files/Directories |
| cpio |
Copies files in and out of archives via copy-in and copy-out modes. |
Compression |
| cron |
Executes/runs commands as scheduled. |
Processes |
| curl |
Utility to transfer data (URL) to/from a server. |
Data Transfer |
| cut |
Removes specified sections from each text input line. |
Files/Directories |
| dd |
Copies and converts files, and can backup disks. |
Files/Directories |
| df |
Displays 'disk free'/space usage of filesystems. |
Drives/Devices |
| diff |
Performs a line-by-line comparison of files. |
Files/Directories |
| dnf |
'Dandified YUM'. Package manager for Fedora, RHEL, and CentOS. |
Packages |
| du |
Displays disk space usage for directories and files. |
Drives/Devices |
| echo |
Displays strings using standard output stream. |
Text |
| exit |
Invokes normal termination of process/task. |
Processes |
| fdisk |
Utility for creating and modifying partition tables. |
Drives/Devices |
| file |
Returns file data type. |
Files/Directories |
| find |
Scans directory hierarchy for files. |
Files/Directories |
| ftp |
Enables usage of File Transfer Protocol. |
Data Transfer |
| gawk |
[see 'awk' command] The GNU implementation (for scanning and processing) of the AWK pattern programming language in GNU. |
Text |
| getfacl |
Retrieves file names, owners, group owners, and Access Control List permissions. |
Permissions |
| grep |
Searches input files for lines that match a specified pattern. |
Text |
| gunzip |
Decompresses files generated by zip, gzip, compress, and pack. |
Compression |
| gzip |
Reduces file size using the LZ77 lossless compression algorithm. |
Compression |
| head |
Outputs first lines of file (10 by default). |
Text |
| history |
(The GNU history command) Recalls commands previously entered in session. |
Processes |
| hwinfo |
Displays information about system hardware. |
Drives/Devices |
| kill |
Sends terminate signal to process/task. |
Processes |
| less |
[see 'more' command] plus enables user to scroll backwards. |
Text |
| locate |
Retrieves file (by file name). |
Files/Directories |
| ln |
Creates links between files. |
Files/Directories |
| ls |
Displays (lists) the contents of a specified directory. |
Files/Directories |
| lsblk |
Displays information about block devices. |
Drives/Devices |
| make |
Automation tool for recompiling parts of large programs by using makefiles. |
Files/Directories |
| man |
Documentation for commands, functions, system calls, and other features. |
Documentation |
| mkdir |
Creates directories. |
Files/Directories |
| more |
Allows for paging through text output one screen at a time. |
Text |
| mount |
Attaches file system of a drive to a target directory. |
Drives/Devices |
| mv |
Moves/renames files (similar to a cut/paste of files). |
Files/Directories |
| nano |
Launches the GNU nano text editor. |
Text |
| parted |
Partitions and resizes disks. |
Drives/Devices |
| patch |
Modifies file based on source (patch) file instructions produced by the diff utility. |
Text |
| ping |
Sends an ICMP ECHO_REQUEST datagram to a specified destination. |
Drives/Devices |
| ps |
Displays a report on currently running tasks/processes. |
Processes |
| pwd |
Prints working directory to standard output stream. |
Files/Directories |
| rm |
Deletes files or directories. |
Files/Directories |
| rpm |
The Red Hat Packet Manager, commonly used in Red Hat distributions such as CentOS and Fedora. |
Packages |
| rmdir |
Deleted empty directories. |
Files/Directories |
| rsync |
A high-speed utility for remote file copying. |
Data Transfer |
| scp |
Uses ssh data transfer and authentication for remote file copying. |
Data Transfer |
| sed |
Filters and modifies input stream text. |
Text |
| setfacl |
Sets Access Control List permissions for files and directories. |
Permissions |
| sftp |
Enables usage of a secure file transfer protocol using SSH transport encryption. |
Data Transfer |
| sort |
Arranges lines of text for display via the standard output stream. |
Text |
| ssh |
Launches the SSH remote communication protocol. |
Data Transfer |
| sudo |
Allows user to execute commands as the superuser (or another user). |
Permissions |
| tail |
Outputs last lines of file (10 by default). |
Text |
| tac |
Concatenates files. Prints (in reverse) using standard output stream. |
Text |
| tar |
Creates compressed files as a single disk archive or tape, and extracts compressed files. |
Compression |
| tee |
Reads from input stream and writes to output stream/files. |
Text |
| telnet |
Launches user interface for the TELNET remote communication protocol. |
Data Transfer |
| top |
Provides a realtime display of running tasks. |
Processes |
| touch |
Creates blank files and updates file timestamps. |
Files/Directories |
| umount |
Unattaches file system of a drive from a directory. |
Drives/Devices |
| uncompress |
Decompresses files that were compressed by the compress utility. |
Compression |
| uniq |
Detects and omits repeated adjacent lines. |
Text |
| unzip |
[see 'zip' command] Unpackages ZIP files. |
Compression |
| vi |
Launches the vi text editor. |
Text |
| wc |
Outputs byte, word, and newline counts for files. |
Text |
| wget |
HTTPS, HTTPS, and FTP utility for non-interactive web downloads. |
Data Transfer |
| whereis |
Locates manuals and sources/binaries for files. |
Files/Directories |
| which |
Displays absolute path of shell commands. |
Files/Directories |
| xz |
Compresses/decompresses .lzma and .xz files. |
Compression |
| yum |
'Yellowdog Updater Modified'. A Red Hat based Package Manager. |
Packages |
| zcat |
Displays contents of a compressed file to the command line. |
Compression |
| zip |
Compresses/archives and packages files. PKZIP compatible. |
Compression |