[SPARK-47700][SQL] Fix formatting of error messages with treeNode

[jchen5]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Fix formatting of error messages.

Example: In several error messages, we are concatenating the plan without any separation: in this locationFilter (dept_id#652. We should add a colon and space or newline in between.

Before:

org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.ExtendedAnalysisException: [UNSUPPORTED_SUBQUERY_EXPRESSION_CATEGORY.ACCESSING_OUTER_QUERY_COLUMN_IS_NOT_ALLOWED] Unsupported subquery expression: Accessing outer query column is not allowed in this locationFilter (dept_id#22 = outer(dept_id#16))
+- SubqueryAlias dept
   +- View (`DEPT`, [dept_id#22, dept_name#23, state#24])
      +- Project [cast(dept_id#25 as int) AS dept_id#22, cast(dept_name#26 as string) AS dept_name#23, cast(state#27 as string) AS state#24]
         +- Project [dept_id#25, dept_name#26, state#27]
            +- SubqueryAlias DEPT
               +- LocalRelation [dept_id#25, dept_name#26, state#27]
. SQLSTATE: 0A000; line 3 pos 19;

After:

org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.ExtendedAnalysisException: [UNSUPPORTED_SUBQUERY_EXPRESSION_CATEGORY.ACCESSING_OUTER_QUERY_COLUMN_IS_NOT_ALLOWED] Unsupported subquery expression: Accessing outer query column is not allowed in this location:
Filter (dept_id#71 = outer(dept_id#65))
+- SubqueryAlias dept
   +- View (`DEPT`, [dept_id#71, dept_name#72, state#73])
      +- Project [cast(dept_id#74 as int) AS dept_id#71, cast(dept_name#75 as string) AS dept_name#72, cast(state#76 as string) AS state#73]
         +- Project [dept_id#74, dept_name#75, state#76]
            +- SubqueryAlias DEPT
               +- LocalRelation [dept_id#74, dept_name#75, state#76]
. SQLSTATE: 0A000; line 3 pos 19;

Why are the changes needed?

Improve error messages readability.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

Improve error messages readability.

How was this patch tested?

Unit tests

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No

[HyukjinKwon]

LGTM pending CI

[jchen5]

Updated, CI is passing now

[HyukjinKwon]

Merged to master.