[SPARK-54253][GEO][SQL] Add a guarding config for geospatial support

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
Introduce a new SQL config for controlling the geospatial feature:
```
spark.sql.geospatial.enabled
```

The default value is `false`, and enabled only in testing.

### Why are the changes needed?
Guard the geospatial feature until it's fully finished.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
No.

### How was this patch tested?
Added appropriate unit tests to confirm that the config is effective:
- `STExpressionsSuite`

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?
No.

Closes #53009 from uros-db/geo-config.

Authored-by: Uros Bojanic <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <[email protected]>

Author: uros-db

common/unsafe/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/unsafe/types/GeographyVal.java

@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.unsafe.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
 
 // This class represents the physical type for the GEOGRAPHY data type.
+@Unstable
 public final class GeographyVal implements Comparable<GeographyVal>, Serializable {
 
   // The GEOGRAPHY type is implemented as a byte array. We provide `getBytes` and `fromBytes`

common/unsafe/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/unsafe/types/GeometryVal.java

@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.unsafe.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
 
 // This class represents the physical type for the GEOMETRY data type.
+@Unstable
 public final class GeometryVal implements Comparable<GeometryVal>, Serializable {
 
   // The GEOMETRY type is implemented as a byte array. We provide `getBytes` and `fromBytes`

common/utils/src/main/resources/error/error-conditions.json

@@ -6654,6 +6654,11 @@
           "Drop the namespace <namespace>."
         ]
       },
+      "GEOSPATIAL_DISABLED" : {
+        "message" : [
+          "Geospatial feature is disabled."
+        ]
+      },
       "HIVE_TABLE_TYPE" : {
         "message" : [
           "The <tableName> is hive <tableType>."

sql/api/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/types/Geography.java

@@ -17,10 +17,13 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
 // This class represents the Geography data for clients.
+@Unstable
 public final class Geography implements Serializable {
   // The GEOGRAPHY type is implemented as WKB bytes + SRID integer stored in class itself.
   protected final byte[] value;

sql/api/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/types/Geometry.java

@@ -17,10 +17,13 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
 // This class represents the Geometry data for clients.
+@Unstable
 public final class Geometry implements Serializable {
   // The GEOMETRY type is implemented as WKB bytes + SRID integer stored in class itself.
   protected final byte[] value;

sql/api/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/types/CartesianSpatialReferenceSystemMapper.java

@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.internal.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 /**
  * Class for providing SRS mappings for cartesian spatial reference systems.
  */
+@Unstable
 public class CartesianSpatialReferenceSystemMapper extends SpatialReferenceSystemMapper {
   // Returns the string ID corresponding to the input SRID. If not supported, returns `null`.
   public static String getStringId(int srid) {

sql/api/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/types/GeographicSpatialReferenceSystemMapper.java

@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.internal.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 /**
  * Class for providing SRS mappings for geographic spatial reference systems.
  */
+@Unstable
 public class GeographicSpatialReferenceSystemMapper extends SpatialReferenceSystemMapper {
   // Returns the string ID corresponding to the input SRID. If not supported, returns `null`.
   public static String getStringId(int srid) {

sql/api/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/types/SpatialReferenceSystemCache.java

@@ -17,12 +17,15 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.internal.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
  * Class for maintaining the mappings between supported SRID/CRS values and the corresponding SRS.
  */
+@Unstable
 public class SpatialReferenceSystemCache {
 
   // Private constructor to prevent external instantiation of this singleton class.

sql/api/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/types/SpatialReferenceSystemInformation.java

@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.internal.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 /**
  * Class for maintaining information about a spatial reference system (SRS).
  */
+@Unstable
 public record SpatialReferenceSystemInformation(
   // Field storing the spatial reference identifier (SRID) value of this SRS.
   int srid,

sql/api/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/types/SpatialReferenceSystemMapper.java

@@ -17,9 +17,13 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.internal.types;
 
+import org.apache.spark.annotation.Unstable;
+
 /**
  * Abstract class for providing SRS mappings for spatial reference systems.
  */
+
+@Unstable
 public abstract class SpatialReferenceSystemMapper {
   protected static final SpatialReferenceSystemCache srsCache =
       SpatialReferenceSystemCache.getInstance();