Toast message assertions not working with android 11 and target sdk 30

[MarieT2020]

Description

On the app I am testing there are a number of toast messages that I check to make sure toasts are displayed with correct text. My espresso tests started to fail when using Android 11 and SDK30.

Steps to Reproduce

I have a simple check where I try to check the text appears on screen for a toast.
onView(withText(R.string.toast_text)).inRoot( withDecorView(not(activityRule.activity.window.decorView))) .check(matches(isDisplayed()))

I have also tried with a Custom toast matcher without any luck

fun onToast(
        text: Int,
       @IntRange(from = 1) maximumRetries: Int = MAX_RETRIES
 ): ViewInteraction = onView(withText(text)).inRoot(ToastMatcher(maximumRetries))

class ToastMatcher(private val maximumRetries: Int) : TypeSafeMatcher<Root>() {

private var currentFailures: Int = 0

override fun describeTo(description: Description?) {
    description?.appendText("no toast found after")
}

override fun matchesSafely(item: Root?): Boolean {
    val type: Int? = item?.windowLayoutParams?.get()?.type

    if(TYPE_TOAST == type || TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY == type) {
        val windowToken = item.decorView.windowToken
        val appToken = item.decorView.applicationWindowToken

        if(windowToken == appToken) {
            return true
        }
    }

    return ++currentFailures >= maximumRetries
}
}

onToast(R.string.toast_text) .check(matches(isDisplayed()))

Expected Results

Tests pass.
This works as expected when using OS lower than android 11. It also works as expected when using android 11 and sdk 29.
I also tried updating the version of androidx and espresso to the latest version 3.3.0 and 1.3.0 but this did not make any difference.

Actual Results

Result when using withDecorView
androidx.test.espresso.NoMatchingRootException: Matcher 'with decor view not <DecorView@5ae48a6[TestActivity]>' did not match any of the following roots: [Root{application-window-token=android.view.ViewRootImpl$W@1337585, window-token=android.view.ViewRootImpl$W@1337585, has-window-focus=true, layout-params-type=1, layout-params-string={(0,0)(fillxfill) sim={state=hidden} ty=BASE_APPLICATION wanim=0x10302fe fl=LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR SPLIT_TOUCH HARDWARE_ACCELERATED DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS pfl=FORCE_DRAW_STATUS_BAR_BACKGROUND FIT_INSETS_CONTROLLED fitSides=}, decor-view-string=DecorView{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, width=1080, height=2160, has-focus=false, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, layout-params={(0,0)(fillxfill) sim={state=hidden} ty=BASE_APPLICATION wanim=0x10302fe fl=LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR SPLIT_TOUCH HARDWARE_ACCELERATED DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS pfl=FORCE_DRAW_STATUS_BAR_BACKGROUND FIT_INSETS_CONTROLLED fitSides=}, tag=null, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=3}}] at dalvik.system.VMStack.getThreadStackTrace(Native Method) at java.lang.Thread.getStackTrace(Thread.java:1736) at androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java:96) at androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java:59) at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.waitForAndHandleInteractionResults(ViewInteraction.java:322) at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.check(ViewInteraction.java:306)

Result when using ToastMatcher
androidx.test.espresso.NoMatchingViewException: No views in hierarchy found matching: with string from resource id: <2131755255>[toast_text] value: Toast Text. If the target view is not part of the view hierarchy, you may need to use Espresso.onData to load it from one of the following AdapterViews:com.squareup.timessquare.CalendarPickerView{1af12d7 VFED.VC.. ........ 0,0-1080,1657 #7f09010e app:id/calendarPv} View Hierarchy: +>DecorView{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, width=1080, height=2160, has-focus=false, has-focusable=true, has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false, is-focusable=false, is-layout-requested=false, is-selected=false, layout-params={(0,0)(fillxfill) ty=BASE_APPLICATION wanim=0x10302fe fl=LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR SPLIT_TOUCH HARDWARE_ACCELERATED DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS pfl=FORCE_DRAW_STATUS_BAR_BACKGROUND FIT_INSETS_CONTROLLED fitSides=}, tag=null, root-is-layout-requested=false, has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=0.0, child-count=3} |

AndroidX Test and Android OS Versions

AndroidX Test: 1.2.0
Espresso: 3.2.0
Android OS: Android 11 (API 30)

[vfa-tamhh]

Get the same this issue. If I use target lower api 30, It will work fine.
Has Anyone fixed it?

[dnhirsh1]

any update about that issue?

[Tangjiahui26]

Any updates on this issue? I am still getting the same errors.
Any workarounds? Thanks!

[davidmcraejr]

We are also trying to figure this out if anyone has came up with a solution.

[seadowg]

Also experiencing this. We're most likely going to pull out an interface for showing toasts that can be replaced with a recording fake in tests for assertions, but it'd be good to get guidance around if this is something that Espresso will support again in future.

[bacarPereira]

Get the same this issue.
When I run the test using ToastMaster or DecorView the test takes a long time to run no matter if it is API 30 or 29 and in the end it fails.

    @Test
    @UiThreadTest
    fun showToastMessage_message_should_be_displayed() {
        val messageExpected = appContext.getString(R.string.toastMessage)
        appContext.showToastMessage(messageExpected))
        onView(withText(messageExpected)).inRoot(ToastMatcher())
            .check(matches(isDisplayed()))
    }

    @Test
    @UiThreadTest
    fun showToastMessage_message_should_be_displayed() {
        val messageExpected = appContext.getString(R.string.toastMessage)
        appContext.showToastMessage(messageExpected))
        onView(withText(messageExpected))
            .inRoot(withDecorView(not(decorView)))
            .check(matches(isDisplayed()))
    }

[rbarbish]

So after looking at every link and StackOverflow it looks like there is no way to check for a toast if targetSdk is 30 as of May 2022?

[davidmcraejr]

@rbarbish I ended up just adding a version check in the test and only running that test on sdks less than 30, not optimal but until a solution is found its what we can do...

[arsalan04ahmad]

I am also not able to find any solution to this issue. If any solution Found pls share:)

[AnandaDwiprayoga]

I face this issue too, when I run my android test in android 7 it works fine, but when I try in my android 11 it fails

[clarabez]

This is also happening to me, so I resolved it replacing inRoot by this solution with UIAutomator and assertTrue:

import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
import junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue
import androidx.test.uiautomator.By
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice

val device: UiDevice
        get() = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation())

assertTrue(device.hasObject(By.text(toastMessageDuplicated)))