diff --git a/changelog.d/1469.change.md b/changelog.d/1469.change.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1903d3da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/1469.change.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+The performance of `attrs.astuple()` has been improved by 49–270%.
diff --git a/src/attr/_funcs.py b/src/attr/_funcs.py
index c6f0a4cee..1adb50021 100644
--- a/src/attr/_funcs.py
+++ b/src/attr/_funcs.py
@@ -278,8 +278,11 @@ def astuple(
         v = getattr(inst, a.name)
         if filter is not None and not filter(a, v):
             continue
+        value_type = type(v)
         if recurse is True:
-            if has(v.__class__):
+            if value_type in _ATOMIC_TYPES:
+                rv.append(v)
+            elif has(value_type):
                 rv.append(
                     astuple(
                         v,
@@ -289,7 +292,7 @@ def astuple(
                         retain_collection_types=retain,
                     )
                 )
-            elif isinstance(v, (tuple, list, set, frozenset)):
+            elif issubclass(value_type, (tuple, list, set, frozenset)):
                 cf = v.__class__ if retain is True else list
                 items = [
                     (
@@ -313,8 +316,8 @@ def astuple(
                     # Workaround for TypeError: cf.__new__() missing 1 required
                     # positional argument (which appears, for a namedturle)
                     rv.append(cf(*items))
-            elif isinstance(v, dict):
-                df = v.__class__ if retain is True else dict
+            elif issubclass(value_type, dict):
+                df = value_type if retain is True else dict
                 rv.append(
                     df(
                         (
diff --git a/tests/test_funcs.py b/tests/test_funcs.py
index 4c9460eaf..b254e9898 100644
--- a/tests/test_funcs.py
+++ b/tests/test_funcs.py
@@ -499,6 +499,23 @@ class A:
         with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=re.escape(message)):
             attr.astuple(instance, retain_collection_types=True)
 
+    def test_non_atomic_types(self, C):
+        """
+        Non-atomic types that don't have special treatment for are serialized
+        and the types are retained.
+        """
+
+        class Int(int):
+            pass
+
+        c = C(Int(10), [Int(1), 2])
+        expected = (Int(10), [Int(1), 2])
+
+        result = astuple(c)
+        assert expected == result
+        assert type(result[0]) is Int
+        assert type(result[1][0]) is Int
+
 
 class TestHas:
     """