diff --git a/pkg/db/migrations/202511111055_add_node_pools.go b/pkg/db/migrations/202511111055_add_node_pools.go
index c719c1d..d9d30ab 100644
--- a/pkg/db/migrations/202511111055_add_node_pools.go
+++ b/pkg/db/migrations/202511111055_add_node_pools.go
@@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ func addNodePools() *gormigrate.Migration {
 				return err
 			}
 
+			// Create unique index on (owner_id, name) to prevent duplicate nodepool names within a cluster
+			createUniqueIdxSQL := "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_node_pools_owner_name " +
+				"ON node_pools(owner_id, name) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;"
+			if err := tx.Exec(createUniqueIdxSQL).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
 			// Add foreign key constraint to clusters
 			addFKSQL := `
 				ALTER TABLE node_pools
@@ -83,6 +90,9 @@ func addNodePools() *gormigrate.Migration {
 			}
 
 			// Drop indexes
+			if err := tx.Exec("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_node_pools_owner_name;").Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 			if err := tx.Exec("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_node_pools_owner_id;").Error; err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
diff --git a/test/integration/node_pools_test.go b/test/integration/node_pools_test.go
index d0319a6..915f261 100644
--- a/test/integration/node_pools_test.go
+++ b/test/integration/node_pools_test.go
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/openshift-hyperfleet/hyperfleet-api/test"
 )
 
+const (
+	kindNodePool = "NodePool"
+)
+
 // TestNodePoolGet is disabled because GET /nodepools/{id} is not in the OpenAPI spec
 // The API only supports:
 // - GET /api/hyperfleet/v1/nodepools (list all nodepools)
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ func TestNodePoolPost(t *testing.T) {
 	Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
 
 	// POST responses per openapi spec: 201, 409, 500
-	kind := "NodePool"
+	kind := kindNodePool
 	nodePoolInput := openapi.NodePoolCreateRequest{
 		Kind: &kind,
 		Name: "test-name",
@@ -190,7 +194,7 @@ func TestGetNodePoolByClusterIdAndNodePoolId(t *testing.T) {
 	Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
 
 	// Create a nodepool for this cluster using the API
-	kind := "NodePool"
+	kind := kindNodePool
 	nodePoolInput := openapi.NodePoolCreateRequest{
 		Kind: &kind,
 		Name: "test-np-get",
@@ -319,3 +323,48 @@ func TestNodePoolPost_WrongKind(t *testing.T) {
 	Expect(ok).To(BeTrue())
 	Expect(detail).To(ContainSubstring("kind must be 'NodePool'"))
 }
+
+// TestNodePoolDuplicateNames tests that duplicate nodepool names within a cluster are rejected
+func TestNodePoolDuplicateNames(t *testing.T) {
+	h, client := test.RegisterIntegration(t)
+
+	account := h.NewRandAccount()
+	ctx := h.NewAuthenticatedContext(account)
+
+	// Create a cluster first
+	cluster, err := h.Factories.NewClusters(h.NewID())
+	Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+
+	// Create first nodepool with a specific name
+	kind := kindNodePool
+	nodePoolInput := openapi.NodePoolCreateRequest{
+		Kind: &kind,
+		Name: "test-duplicate",
+		Spec: map[string]interface{}{"test": "spec"},
+	}
+
+	resp, err := client.CreateNodePoolWithResponse(
+		ctx, cluster.ID, openapi.CreateNodePoolJSONRequestBody(nodePoolInput), test.WithAuthToken(ctx),
+	)
+	Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+	Expect(resp.StatusCode()).To(Equal(http.StatusCreated))
+
+	// Create second nodepool with the same name in the same cluster
+	resp, err = client.CreateNodePoolWithResponse(
+		ctx, cluster.ID, openapi.CreateNodePoolJSONRequestBody(nodePoolInput), test.WithAuthToken(ctx),
+	)
+	Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
+	Expect(resp.StatusCode()).
+		To(Equal(http.StatusConflict), "Expected 409 Conflict for duplicate nodepool name in same cluster")
+
+	Expect(resp.ApplicationproblemJSONDefault).NotTo(BeNil(), "Expected response body to be present")
+	problemDetail := resp.ApplicationproblemJSONDefault
+
+	Expect(*problemDetail.Code).To(Equal("HYPERFLEET-CNF-001"), "Expected conflict error code")
+	Expect(problemDetail.Type).To(Equal("https://api.hyperfleet.io/errors/conflict"), "Expected conflict error type")
+	Expect(problemDetail.Title).To(Equal("Resource Conflict"), "Expected conflict error title")
+
+	Expect(problemDetail.Detail).NotTo(BeNil(), "Expected error detail to be present")
+	Expect(*problemDetail.Detail).To(ContainSubstring("already exists"),
+		"Expected error detail to mention that resource already exists")
+}